Water-Salt Balanced Agricultural Water Conservancy System

The "Farmland Water Conservancy System Based on Water-Salt Balance" represents a groundbreaking and innovative approach to water conservation in agricultural engineering.
This system employs advanced water and salt management technologies and leverages predictive modeling and intelligent algorithms to achieve real-time and precise monitoring of critical parameters such as soil moisture, salinity, and groundwater levels for the first time. By employing intelligent regulatory methods, it manages the flow of soil moisture, integrating water and salt management strategies to facilitate the removal of salts from the root zone of crops and prevent their accumulation in the upper soil layers. This innovation addresses the technical challenges associated with the precise control of water and salt dynamics, overcoming the limitations of conventional water conservation practices that primarily focus on water quantity while overlooking the efficient use of water resources.
Furthermore, the system introduces a novel multi-scale monitoring and diagnostic framework, termed "point-cell-area", which establishes a comprehensive intelligent monitoring network that spans from local to broader areas, laying a scientific foundation for the real-time evaluation of soil conditions. Additionally, it pioneers a new technique for upward surface drainage and irrigation of saline water, which enhances soil aeration and permeability, reduces the likelihood of soil salinization by improving the leaching of salts, and significantly boosts soil fertility.
By integrating ecological drainage technologies such as culvert and biological drainage, the system achieves precise control over soil salinity levels and lowers the groundwater table. This approach avoids the land resource wastage and ecological harm associated with traditional open ditch drainage, addresses the technical challenges related to the directional movement of soil water and salt, enhances the effectiveness of water conservancy initiatives, and fosters a synergistic relationship between ecological and engineering practices.
Its extensive application has converted previously unproductive saline areas into significant grain production zones, with yields increasing by over 35%. Additionally, the enhancement of soil quality directly contributes to the comprehensive restoration of regional ecosystems, which can indirectly boost regional biodiversity by over 12%.